Last Epiphany C/Transfiguration

Thoughts on Today’s Lessons for Feb. 7, 2016

Moses with the Law (1818) , 19th century painting by Moritz Oppenheim

Moses with the Law (1818) , 19th century painting by Moritz Oppenheim

First Reading: Exodus 34:29-35

We mark the last Sunday of Epiphany by remembering the Transfiguration of Jesus. The prophet Moses appears in every reading, and so does the idea of the brilliant light of God’s glory. Today’s Gospel will show us Jesus transfigured with the prophets on the mountaintop; but first we remember Moses coming down from the mountain, his own face transfigured in light by his encounter with the Holy One.

Psalm 99

Imagine the ancient Temple in Jerusalem ringing with the sound of choirs singing this Psalm to celebrate God as a mighty king? “Moses and Aaron were among the priests” of God, the Holy One of Israel. God is worshiped not as an earthly king but a powerful ruler who speaks out of clouds and fire, demanding justice for all, dealing out punishment when it’s needed, but ultimately forgiving all.

Second Reading: 2 Corinthians 3:12-4:2 


Paul reminds the people of Corinth about Moses’ face shining in the light of God’s glory. Then he turns the image around to make a new point: Moses had to veil his face to protect the people from more glory than they could handle. But through the new covenant that Jesus brings, the veil is set aside, and God’s full glory is unveiled for us directly. We, then are called to share that light in proclaiming the Good News of Jesus to the world.

Gospel: Luke 9:28-36, [37-43a]

Jesus prays on the mountain, and suddenly Moses and Elijah join him, and Jesus’ face and clothing glow in God’s light. The apostles are amazed at first. But then, like the people’s reaction to God’s voice when Moses went up Mount Sinai, they are terrified when a cloud forms around them all and God’s voice is heard. Again we hear the words that God spoke from a cloud at Jesus’ baptism in the Gospel for the first Sunday of Epiphany: “This is my Son, my Chosen; listen to him!” Jesus and the apostles come down the mountain, and life returns to what is “normal” for Jesus: He astounds the crowd by casting out a child’s particularly angry demon.

Epiphany 4C

Thoughts on Today’s Lessons for Jan. 31, 2016

Jesus ejected from the synagogue.

Jesus ejected from the synagogue. Ancient French painting, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, The Hague.

First Reading: Jeremiah 1:4-10

God had big plans for Jeremiah, but Jeremiah wasn’t so sure. Even before Jeremiah was conceived, God tells the young man, God intended that Jeremiah would hold Israel to account and warn the nation to choose between repentance and destruction. Jeremiah tries to reject this call. “I don’t know how to speak! I’m only a boy!” But God is determined, and assures the youth that God will give him the words and the authority to deliver God’s message.

Psalm 71:1-6

Today’s Psalm seems consistent with Jeremiah’s fear of being God’s prophet. In these verses we call for God’s protection and help. We ask God to offer us a place of refuge and safety. We seek God’s protection from the wicked, the evildoer, and the oppressor. We call on God, who has known us since before our birth, and sustains us throughout our lives. God is our strength and our hope; we shall always praise God.

Second Reading: 1 Corinthians 13:1-13


During the past two Sundays we have heard Paul gently reminding the people of the church in Corinth to get along. God gives us all different gifts that contribute to the whole. The people of the church are like the parts of a body, each important, and all necessary. Today he brings it all together in this beloved passage, reminding us that love is the glue that holds the community together. Faith, hope and love abide, but love is the most important of all,

Gospel: Luke 4:21-30

Last Sunday we heard Jesus impressing his neighbors in the synagogue at Nazareth, declaring that he had come to fulfill Isaiah’s call to bring good news to the poor. Today, in Luke’s account, Jesus pushes them a little too far. First, he predicts that they will reject him because they knew him as a child. Then, suggesting that his good news might be for all the poor and not just our friends, he recalls two Bible stories in which God’s grace was given to Gentiles. At this they rise up, drive him out of town and threaten to throw him off a cliff. “No prophet is accepted in the prophet’s home town,” indeed! But Jesus slips away, and goes back to Capernaum in Galilee to continue his work.

Epiphany 3C

Thoughts on Today’s Lessons for Jan. 24, 2016

Jesus teaching in the synagogue.

Jesus teaching in the synagogue.

First Reading: Nehemiah 8:1-3, 5-6, 8-10

Why would something like “the Law” inspire people to rejoice or weep? “Torah,” the Hebrew word used here, has come down to us as “Law” in translation through Greek to English. But “Torah” originally meant “teaching” or “instruction.” In that context, when we see the people of Jerusalem hearing Torah read in the public square, it is a holy moment, and the people weep when they recognize that they had forgotten and failed to follow God’s teaching.

Psalm 19

Today’s Psalm sings the praises of Torah, not as harsh legislation but nurturing teaching that inspires us. A hymn of worship and praise, this Psalm first celebrates God’s glory and creation, then rejoices in the Torah. God’s teaching revives our souls, turns our innocence into wisdom, makes our hearts leap up and our eyes sparkle. We gain enlightenment from God’s teaching; in following its precepts there is great reward.

Second Reading: 1 Corinthians 12:12-31a

Last week, in the verses just before these, we heard Paul declare that every member of the church receives different spiritual gifts. Now Paul continues this theme with a striking metaphor: He likens the church to Christ’s body in the world. Every member of the church – like every bodily part – plays a different but important role. The foot, the ear, the hand, the eye: Each has its role, each is critical to the body’s operation, and all are important. Just as this is true for the body, so it is for the church.

Gospel: Luke 4:14-21
Jesus’ public ministry has begun. Driven by the Spirit that came down at the time of his baptism, he has been tested in the desert, preached and taught in Galilee, and now he returns to the synagogue in his childhood home, Nazareth. Unrolling the Torah scroll to the Prophet Isaiah, he reads verses that will define his mission, ideas that echo his mother’s song and God’s covenant with the people at Sinai. This scripture is fulfilled in him, he declares. He has come to bring good news to the poor and the oppressed, and to declare the year of Jubilee in which slaves are freed and debts are forgiven.

Epiphany 2C

Thoughts on Today’s Lessons for Jan. 17, 2016

The Wedding Feast at Cana. Fresco by Giotto di Bondone 1302-05, Museum of the Scrovegni Chapel, Padua, Italy.

The Wedding Feast at Cana. Fresco by Giotto di Bondone 1302-05, Museum of the Scrovegni Chapel, Padua, Italy.

First Reading: Isaiah 62:1-5

Isaiah’s book of prophecy nears its end, and the prophet shouts in exultation as Jerusalem – the new Zion – and a new Temple emerge out of the ashes of the old. The people have returned from exile, and God’s glory breaks out like a glorious dawn. The new city will vindicate Jerusalem and its people as the city of God, God’s beloved bride in a marriage of joy and delight. Ideas of love and relationship form a theme that unites today’s readings, culminating in John’s wedding feast at Cana.

Psalm 36:5-10

The Psalmist celebrates God’s love, comparing God’s faithful righteousness to the lasting, immovable strength of the mountains and the deep seas. God’s love is so broad that it extends to all humanity and to all animal life. God gives us shelter, abundant food and drink. God’s priceless love shows us a perfect model that can serve us well as we, in our small, imperfect ways, seek to build good relationships in our lives.

Second Reading: 1 Corinthians 12:1-11

In a beautiful metaphor for family life – or parish life – Paul reminds the people of Corinth that we all receive gifts through the Holy Spirit. Those spiritual gifts are not all the same, and that is the point: Together the people of God come together in a beautiful chorus, and this is the result when each of us uses our particular gift as best we can, working together through the Spirit for the common good.

Gospel: John 2:1-11

The miracle of water turned into wine at the wedding feast at Cana is surely one of the most beloved of the Gospel stories. But why do we hear it during Epiphany? As we go through the season, we will hear a series of “epiphanies” in which Jesus is revealed to the people of the world. Here, called on to sustain the joy of the wedding party by providing new wine, Jesus objects at first that it is not yet “his time.” But his mother won’t take no for an answer, and his newly gathered disciples are amazed at his glory and believe in him.

Epiphany 1C/Baptism of Our Lord

Thoughts on Today’s Lessons for Jan. 10, 2016

Francesco Albani's 17th century Baptism of Christ.

Francesco Albani’s 17th century Baptism of Christ.

First Reading: Isaiah 43:1-7

When we baptize new members into the church community, we bless the water, giving thanks for this gift. We remember the Spirit wind breathing over the water at creation; we remember he Israelites crossing the Red Sea to escape bondage in Egypt; and we remember Jesus receiving baptism from John. Water, living water, flows through all today’s readings, along with the fire of the Spirit. Isaiah assures us that God, who calls us by name and watches over us, is with us as we pass safely through waters, rivers, and fire. “Do not fear, for I am with you.”

Psalm 29

This majestic hymn envisions the power of God through the metaphor of a great storm over mighty waters, full of thunder and lightning and powerful winds that shake and break the tallest trees. Even in these fearful events, God stays with us, enthroned above the storm, giving us strength, and, when the storm has passed at last, the blessing of peace.

Second Reading: Acts 8:14-17

The Acts of the Apostles is a fascinating story about the early church. It is the Evangelist Luke’s interpretation of how Christianity spread from its infant beginning in Jerusalem to much of the then-known world in the Mediterranean. Though rooted in Judaism, the church soon opened its doors to Gentiles as well. These verses mark this significant change, as Peter and John travel to Samaria to welcome and embrace the once-hated Samaritans, baptized in water and the Spirit, as new brothers and sisters in the church.

Gospel: Luke 3:15-17, 21-22

Was John the Baptist the Messiah? Many of his followers apparently wondered if he might be, but Luke proclaims the contrary, showing John himself declaring that he is not so much as worthy to untie Jesus’ sandals. Jesus, not John, will baptize not only with water but also with the Holy Spirit and fire, John says. Using the language of harvesting wheat as metaphor, John imagines Jesus presiding over a strict and final judgement, separating the wheat from the chaff. Then we hear a brief version of the familiar story of Jesus’ baptism: The Spirit comes down as a dove, and God’s voice proclaims that Jesus is God’s son, the Beloved, with whom God is well pleased.

Last Epiphany B/Transfiguration

Thoughts on Today’s Lessons for Feb. 15, 2015

Elijah's fiery ascent. Russian Orthodox icon.

Elijah’s fiery ascent. Russian Orthodox icon.

First Reading: 2 Kings 2:1-12


This is Transfiguration Sunday, concluding our short Epiphany journey from Christmastide to Lent. We have followed Mark’s account of Jesus, from the wise men’s homage to his baptism by John and his early ministry. Today Epiphany ends as a glowing Jesus meets the patriarchs Elijah and Moses on a mountain top. Our first reading tells the ancient story of Elijah taken up into heaven in a fiery chariot while Elisha, his young successor, looks on in awe.

Psalm: Psalm 50:1-6

From Elijah’s fiery chariot to the brilliant rising sun and consuming flame of God’s justice in today’s Psalm, our readings glow with the light of God revealed in shining glory. Throughout Epiphany we find the light of God shining in the darkness.

Second Reading: 2 Corinthians 4:3-6

God brought light into the world, and God shows us the glory of God’s image in Christ, Paul reminds the people in his second letter to the church in Corinth. Because we believe, we see the light that is denied to those who do not believe, says Paul. We are called to proclaim Jesus, not ourselves, while we serve others humbly in service for Jesus’ sake.

Gospel: Mark 9:2-9

On the first Sunday of Epiphany, we watched John baptizing Jesus in the Jordan, and Jesus heard God’s voice saying, “You are my Son, the Beloved; with you I am well pleased.” Now Jesus is transfigured atop a holy mountain with Moses, the giver of the law, and Elijah, who was transported into heaven to await the arrival of God’s Kingdom and the Messiah. Jesus’ face and garments glow in a scene that recalls Moses receiving God’s commandments atop another mountain. Jesus is revealed as Messiah as his friends Peter, James, and John look on in awe, and God’s voice rings out again: “You are my Son, the Beloved; with you I am well pleased.”

Epiphany 5B

Thoughts on Today’s Lessons for Feb. 8, 2015

Jesus heals Simon's mother-in-law. Orthodox icon.

Jesus heals Simon’s mother-in-law. Orthodox icon.

First Reading: Isaiah 40:21-31


God is very large. We are very small. God is very powerful. We are very weak. In striking poetic language that likens us to grasshoppers and our earthly rulers to dandelion puffs blown apart in the wind, Isaiah portrays a transcendent God who is far beyond our imagining. And yet, ultimately, this mighty, eternal and all-powerful God lifts us up on eagle’s wings and gives us the power and the strength to wait for God and to follow God’s ways.

Psalm: Psalm 147:1-12, 21c

Echoing Isaiah’s message in one of the six exultant hymns of praise that conclude the Psalms, the Psalmist celebrates the glory of the powerful, all-knowing God who counts and names even the stars of heaven, and who has guided the people home from exile and bound their wounds. God is unimpressed by the powerful and the strong. but God cares for the weak and lowly; God gently tends the broken and the brokenhearted.

Second Reading: 1 Corinthians 9:16-23

What is Paul saying here? Be “all things to all people” to proclaim the Gospel? Even in a good cause, it seems hypocritical to pretend to be something that you’re not. But that’s not really Paul’s message. As in last week’s advice not to be a stumbling block to others, Paul urges the people of Corinth to love one another and work together to spread the good news. It doesn’t matter whether you’re Jewish, Gentile, strong or weak: Honor each other in your differences. Then unite to share the good news of the Gospel.

Gospel: Mark 1:29-39

Jesus goes from the synagogue at Capernaum to his friends Simon and Andrew’s home, where he cures Simon’s mother-in-law’s fever. Healed of her weakness, she gets up to serve them. But note well that Mark’s Greek word for “serve” is “διηκόνει,” the same word that describes those who came forward to support the Apostles as they spread the Gospel; the same word from which we get our modern “deacon.” Just as Jesus cared for Simon’s mother-in-law and all who came for exorcism or healing, deacons vow to serve all people, particularly the poor, the weak, the sick, and the lonely.

Epiphany 4B

Thoughts on Today’s Lessons for Feb. 1, 2015

Jesus casts out a man's unclean spirit

Jesus casts out a man’s unclean spirit

First Reading: Deuteronomy 18:15-20

Hearing God’s voice. Hearing God’s call. This theme echoes in many of our readings through the season of Epiphany. Now the fifth and final book of the Torah, the story of God’s covenant with Israel, is drawing to its close. Moses is dying. The people worry how they will know God’s wishes once their prophet is gone. Moses reassures them that God will raise up another prophet from among them, and that God will expect them to pay attention when this prophet utters God’s words.

Psalm: Psalm 111

The Psalms, the Old Testament’s hymns and worship poetry, take many forms. Some ask God’s favor. Some weep in lament. Some offer thanks for past blessings. And some of the most joyous, like today’s familiar verses, exultantly sing God’s praise. All of God’s work, all of God’s majesty and splendor, all of God’s justice last forever. God feeds us. God’s covenant redeems us. The people shout “Hallelujah!” “Praise God!”

Second Reading: 1 Corinthians 8:1-13

These verses offer us a fascinating insight into understanding Paul. This pastoral question about eating meat that had been sacrificed in pagan temples might not seem to say much to us. Paul accepts the Corinthian Christians’ notion that pagan gods aren’t God at all, so sharing temple food – their primary source of meat – could be morally neutral to believers who are strong in their faith. But the rest of Paul’s conclusion transcends time: Even if we do nothing wrong, our actions may influence others, and Christ calls us to be mindful of that.

Gospel: Mark 1:21-28

We are still in the first chapter of Mark’s Gospel. Jesus goes to Sabbath services in Capernaum, a small town near the Sea of Galilee where he was active. Two remarkable things happen: First, this young man amazes the congregation with his teaching that revealed him as one “having authority.” Then Jesus exorcizes a man possessed by an “unclean spirit,” further astounding the people. Note, too, that while the spirit may be unclean, it shrieks wisdom, declaring Jesus “the Holy One of God.”

Epiphany 3B

Thoughts on Today’s Lessons for Jan. 25, 2015

Jesus Calling the Apostles Peter and Andrew.

Jesus Calling the Apostles Peter and Andrew. Maesta Altarpiece of Siena, 1308-1311, Duccio de Buoninsegna. National Gallery of Art.

First Reading: Jonah 3:1-5, 10

Today we hear the ancient story of Jonah, the reluctant prophet, who ran from God’s call to prophesy to the people of Nineveh, Jonah has just been spewed out on the beach by the giant fish that God sent to bring him back. Now he is a little more cooperative, and his prophecy has great effect: All the people of this great city accept Jonah’s words, fast and repent! And then God shows God’s forgiving mercy, and decides not to destroy the people after all. (In following verses that end the short book, Jonah is quite angry about this, but God’s mercy abides.)

Psalm: Psalm 62: 6-14

Wait for God, hope in God, trust God above all else. When all others fail, God, our strong rock and our refuge, will reward our trust in God’s power and steadfast love. Others cannot be trusted, the Psalmist tells us over and over again. “On the scales they are lighter than a breath.” But God can always be trusted to repay us all according to our good deeds.

Second Reading: 1 Corinthians 7: 29-31

No marriage, no mourning, no joy? No things? What in the world is Paul going on about this time? Paul’s letters can sound very confusing to modern ears, but we can usually hear the voice of the Spirit when we understand them in the context of their time and place. Paul was convinced that Christ was coming back very soon, bringing God’s kingdom and a new way of life. Nothing was more important than that, Paul preached. Not husbands and wives, not mourning or joy. All that is passing away, but God still abides.  

Gospel: Mark 1:14-20

The ministry of Jesus begins! On Epiphany we heard Mark tell of John baptizing Jesus, and a dove from heaven declaring Jesus the son of God. Now events are moving fast. John has been arrested, and Jesus, it seems, has taken over John’s call to prophesy repentance and declare the good news of God’s kingdom. Then Jesus calls his first disciples, and the journey begins.

Epiphany 2B

Thoughts on Today’s Lessons for Jan. 18, 2015

The Call of Nathanael

The Call of Nathanael, orthodox icon

First Reading: 1 Samuel 3:1-10

Today’s readings speak to us about listening for God’s voice in the world … and about taking care to discern just what we hear. In our first reading, the boy Samuel – who will grow up to be a prophet as Israel becomes a kingdom under Saul – hears a mysterious voice calling him in the night. He thinks that it his guardian Eli, the high priest and judge, as the Israelites then called their leader. But Eli, who was sleeping, eventually realizes that Samuel is hearing the voice of God. Eli advises the boy to respond, “Speak, Lord, for your servant is listening.”

Psalm: Psalm 139:1-5, 12-17

Even if it is not easy for us to discern what God asks of us, we can rely on God’s full and complete knowledge of our every thought, the Psalmist sings. God knows us, God knows when we move forward and when we sit down; God knows every word that we speak and every word that we think. “How deep I find your thoughts, O God! How great is the sum of them!” We can never know all that God wills for us, but there is joy and hope in listening for God’s voice.

Second Reading: 1 Corinthians 6:12-20

“Oh, my, Paul is ranting about sexuality again,” this reading might make us groan. Warnings about immorality and sleeping around? Listen closely, though: as happens often in Paul’s letters, he is giving pastoral counsel to a loving, but sometimes troublesome, church community in Corinth. They’ve been arguing. They’re split into factions. Some haven’t been behaving well. Some even believe that their baptism makes it okay for them to behave immorally! Paul’s advice is simple: Listen for God’s voice through the Holy Spirit. Remember that our bodies are parts of Christ and temples of the Holy Spirit, and honor God by doing the right thing.

Gospel: John 1:43-51

Jesus is calling his disciples, in John’s account, one and two at a time. Andrew, Simon Peter and now Philip have heard Jesus’s call. Philip wants to get his friend Nathanael into the growing band. But Nathanael is wary at first. This Jesus comes from Nazareth? That’s not where the Messiah is supposed to come from! But when Jesus speaks to Nathanael in words that seem to echo the Psalm’s “Your eyes beheld my limbs, yet unfinished in the womb,” Nathanael hears Jesus’ call and accepts him as the Son of God and King of Israel.