Thoughts on Today’s Lessons for April 2, 2017

The Vision of The Valley of The Dry Bones, engraving by Gustave Doré, 1866.

Our readings change in tone this Sunday as Holy Week and Easter draw near. We turn from metaphorical reflections on temptation, faith and sight toward explicit ideas of victory over death through resurrection. The prophet Ezekiel imagines a valley filled with dry bones, an eerie and alarming sight. In poetic verses, God instructs Ezekiel to prophesy, and as he does so, the dry bones become connected, covered with skin, and then breathed to life as a vast multitude. Ezekiel’s prophetic vision reveals God’s promise to restore Israel from exile in its own land.

Psalm 130

This is one of the half-dozen psalms explicitly suggested for use in the liturgy for burial of the dead. Familiarly known as “De Profundis” (“out of the depths”), its solemn cadences remind us that even when we are lost in deep grief, pain, and despair, our souls wait in hope for God’s love and grace. Even in death we wait, “more than watchmen for the morning,” for the new morning light of resurrection and redemption from our sins.

Second Reading: Romans 8:6-11

Today’s short second reading gives us a quick look at Paul’s understanding of the difference between flesh and spirit. All of us live embodied lives, and that even includes Jesus, who lived as fully human like us. But Paul sees the flesh as subject to death and ultimately displeasing to God, while the spirit of God living in us leads us to eternal life through righteousness. When we accept God’s spirit within us through Jesus, Paul says, we gain the hope of life, peace and resurrection.

Gospel: John 11:1-45

Why didn’t Jesus hurry back home when he got word that his friend Lazarus was ill? Mary and Martha, devastated by the death of Lazarus their brother, each confront Jesus separately with identical words: “Lord, if you had been here, my brother would not have died.” Jesus assures Martha, “I am the resurrection and the life. … everyone who lives and believes in me will never die.” Then, when Mary weeps, Jesus weeps, too. And then he raises Lazarus from the dead. The people are amazed. But the verses that follow today’s Gospel reveal that the priests and temple authorities, fearful that Jesus’ bold acts will bring Roman retribution, decide that Jesus has to die; and John’s Gospel turns toward the Passion and the Cross.

Thoughts on Today’s Lessons for March 26, 2017

Christ Healing the Blind Man (c. 1640). Gioachino Assereto (1600–1649). Carnegie Museum of Art, Pittsburgh.

In the first three Sundays of Lent, our readings have turned our attention to temptation and sin, faith and trust, and thirst. Now we reflect on light and sight: What do we see, and how do we see it? In our first reading, we learn that God has rejected Saul as king of Israel, and will send Samuel, the prophet and judge, to take on the risky chore of finding Saul’s successor. Saul rejects the sons of Jesse the Bethlehemite, one after another, before reaching David, Jesse’s youngest son, who had seemed such an unlikely choice that he had been sent to watch the sheep while his older brothers met Samuel. But God saw the spirit in David that the others could not see. David becomes king and next in the Messiah’s line.

Psalm 23

It is difficult for Christians to hear the comforting verses of the 23rd Psalm without envisioning Jesus as the Good Shepherd. After all, John’s Gospel tells us outright that Jesus said, “I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep.” Ancient tradition, though, holds that King David wrote these lines himself, speaking of a subject that he would have known well as a boyhood shepherd. In fact, it’s most likely that ancient rabbis in exile wrote the song, thinking of a future earthly Messiah who would restore Jerusalem and the Temple. No matter how we read it, we all can rest in the joy of knowing that God’s rod and staff comfort us, and God’s goodness and mercy follow us all the days of our lives.

Second Reading: Ephesians 5:8-14

The short letter to the church in Ephesus was probably actually written by a follower in Paul’s name a few decades after his death. Today’s reading offers a poetic view of light against darkness, a fitting metaphor to accompany today’s Gospel about the man born blind who learned to see what the Pharisees could not see.

Gospel: John 9:1-41

Speaking of harsh ideas that linger from ancient times, it is hard to overcome the false idea that blindness and other disabilities are God’s way of punishing our sins or even the sins of our ancestors. Standing strongly against this old belief, Jesus’ makes it quite clear that God does no such thing. In the long narrative that follows the intriguing details of Jesus healing through a mud mixture washed in a specific pool, we hear Jesus, the Pharisees and the no-longer-blind man make it clear that God works in the world through grace, not punishment, and that the miracle of healing cannot come from sin or evil. “We once were lost, but now are found … were blind, but now we see.”

Thoughts on Today’s Lessons for March 19, 2017

Christ And The Samaritan Woman At The Well. Painting by Lorenzo Lippi (1606-1665), Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna.

We may thirst for righteousness, mercy and justice, but when we are thirsty and need water, this simple human need takes precedence. Sunday’s readings tell of of thirst, from the thirsty Israelites in the desert to Jesus stopping for water and rest in a Samaritan town. In this Exodus reading, the Israelites are no longer hungry – in previous verses, they have just received miraculous manna – but they still have no water, and their thirst makes them so angry that they wish they were back in slavery in Egypt, where at least these basic needs of life were met. Moses is angry and outdone with them, but God provides a miracle to quench their thirst.

Psalm 95

Our Psalm opens with the joyful hymn of praise that we also know as the Venite, a familiar reading in Morning Prayer. We sing and shout with joy to God, our creator, who made the land and sea; we are the people of God’s pasture and the sheep that God made to fill it. But then the tone of the prayer changes as we remember the cranky Israelites, whose ungrateful acts caused God to “loathe” them and, in angry response, to condemn them to 40 years wandering in the desert.

Second Reading: Romans 5:1-11

The infant church in Rome has known suffering. Some of its members were forced into exile, and the entire congregation was at risk for its faith. But Paul reminds them that their suffering gives them the opportunity to learn endurance and build their character through hope in the love that God pours into their hearts through the Spirit. Even though they are sinners, they are justified through faith and saved through Jesus’s death on the cross.

Gospel: John 4:5-42

We see a very human side of Jesus in John’s Gospel today. Jesus, worried that the Pharisees were angry because he was making and baptizing more disciples than his cousin John had done, decided to go back to Galilee, a journey that required him to pass through the country of the Samaritans, who were not on good terms with the Jews. Tired and thirsty, he stopped in a Samaritan village, where he broke protocol by not only asking a Samaritan woman for a drink but striking up a conversation with her. Much to the surprise of his disciples, he stayed in the village for two days and made believers of many of the Samaritans.

Thoughts on Today’s Lessons for March 12, 2017

Abraham’s Journey from Ur to Canaan (1850). Oil painting by József Molnár (1821-1899), Hungarian National Gallery.

We began Lent with thoughts of temptation and repentance. Now we turn to faith, the deep trust that God will be with us as we make decisions that shape our lives. In our first reading, we hear God’s promise to Abram – later to be called Abraham – who even in old age chose to take the risk of following God’s direction to uproot his family and begin the people’s long journey toward the promised land. For Abram’s faith, God will bless him and his family; and through him, God will bless all the families of the Earth.

Psalm 121

When I served as a hospital chaplain, I kept one of my bookmarks firmly set on this Psalm. Perhaps as much as the beloved 23rd Psalm, it brought comfort and peace to many people as they and their loved ones faced whatever crisis had brought them in search of urgent care. We lift up our eyes to the hills, seeking help, and that help comes from God who watches over us and protects us. Note well, as Paul will muse in the second reading, that God does not protect us in repayment for our faith or for anything we do. God watches over our going out and our coming in because that is who God is, and that is what God does.

Second Reading: Romans 4:1-5, 13-17

Paul recalls the foundational story of Abraham in his pastoral letter to the church in Rome, musing on theology that seems consistent with Psalm 121: God’s promise of eternal life comes to us, as it came to Abraham, not in reward for anything that we have done to deserve it, but entirely through our faith by grace. Seeking in this letter to restore Rome’s Jewish Christians and pagan converts to unity, he reminds them that God’s promise depends on faith, not something due to us but a gift. It was given to all the nations, not to Abraham’s descendants alone.

Gospel: John 3:1-17

Nicodemus, a Pharisee, comes by night to talk with Jesus, but remains bewildered by his mysterious words. What does it mean to be “born from above,” or, in some translations, “born again”? Nicodemus just can’t grasp the distinction between being literally born of flesh as an infant and being born of water and the Spirit in faith. Then we hear the familiar words of John 3:14, “For God so loved the world that he gave his only Son, so that everyone who believes in him may not perish but may have eternal life.” Does this mean that only Christians can be saved? Jesus’ teaching surely rules that out. Even the next line makes clear that Jesus did not come to condemn the world but to save it: all the world, all the nations that God blessed through Abraham.

Thoughts on Today’s Lessons for March 5, 2017

The Temptation on the Mount, (1308-1311). Tempera painting on wood, Duccio di Buoninsegna (1260–1318), the Frick Collection, New York City.

Sunday’s readings launch the penitential season of Lent with a firm scriptural grounding in the theology of temptation and sin. We begin with the familiar Creation story, as the crafty serpent tempts Eve and Adam with the fruit that God had told them not to touch. When the serpent persuaded them that the fruit would not kill them at all, in spite of God’s warning, but would in fact give them Godlike knowledge of good and evil, they could not resist. Temptation was powerful; but so was the shame that followed when they realized they had broken their relationship with God.

Psalm 32

Yes, deep guilt may follow the knowledge that we have sinned, failed in our trust and separated ourselves from God through sin. Guilt’s heavy hand weighs on us, the Psalmist sings, drying us out, withering our bones, leaving us groaning in pain. So much more is the joy, then, the relief and “glad cries” that burst out when we acknowledge our wrongdoing, confess our transgressions, and receive God’s loving deliverance from the pain and guilt of sin.

Second Reading: Romans 5:12-19

Paul draws a direct connection between the sin of Adam and the divinity of Jesus Christ, the son of God. This would have been an important image for the members of the church in Rome as they struggled to restore relationships between the church’s pagan converts and its Jewish Christians who were returning from exile. Adam, the first of creation, gave in to the temptation of the fruit and brought death into the world. But now, Paul reminds them, Jesus’ incarnation as one of us restores us all – not only a selected few – with justification and life through God’s free gift of grace.

Gospel: Matthew 4:1-11

At the beginning of Epiphany, we heard Matthew’s account of the baptism of Jesus, when the voice of God declared him God’s beloved Son. Now we learn that the Spirit then led Jesus into the wilderness … to be tempted by the devil? This seems to be a very strange thing for the Holy Spirit to do, but we know that the Spirit works in mysterious ways. The devil – in a role something like the “Adversary” who tested Job’s faith – tries to test Jesus, too, tempting him three times to perform miracles to help himself. But Jesus stands strong, and at the end of 40 days of fasting, he resists temptation and orders the devil away.