Pentecost 15C

Illuminations on the Lectionary readings for Sept. 21, 2025 (Pentecost 15C/Proper 20)

Parable of the Unjust Steward

Parable of the Unjust Steward (c.1540), oil painting by Marinus van Reymerswaele (c.1490-c.1546). Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna. (Click image to enlarge.)

First Reading (Track One): Jeremiah 8:18-9:1

“You cannot serve God and wealth.” Jesus speaks so often and so consistently about the dangers of riches and our obligation to support the poor that we really need to take this message seriously. This call to use our wealth to care for the poor, widows, orphans, and immigrants is deeply rooted in the Torah, the Law of Judaism that Jesus knew and taught. We hear this call in Sunday’s Track One first reading, as Jeremiah grieves with profound emotion over the people’s failure of righteousness and justice. They hoard riches and ignore the poor. The prophet mourns deeply, imagining God’s own mourning: “Is there no balm in Gilead?”

First Reading (Track Two): Amos 8:4-7

If the ancient prophets in the Hebrew Bible often sound angry, it is likely because they have to keep shouting the same message to the same people over and over again. In Sunday’s Track Two first reading, the Prophet Amos echoes this stern prophetic chorus: The people languish in exile, their city in ruins, and the temple destroyed. When we fail to take care of the poor and the needy, when we lie, cheat, and steal, and act as if we did nothing wrong, God grows angry, Jeremiah shouts. For such acts and omissions, there are consequences!

Psalm (Track One): Psalm 79:1-9

Sunday’s Track One psalm echoes Jeremiah’s weeping prophecy in its mournful lament for desolate and shattered Jerusalem after the Exile. Jerusalem is rubble. The unburied bodies of martyred faithful lie out as food for birds and beasts; their blood runs like water around the city. The people are the objects of scorn; they feel only God’s fury blazing like fire. The Psalm concludes with heartfelt prayers for God’s mercy and forgiveness.

Psalm (Track Two): Psalm 113

Even if the people won’t help the poor and the needy, the Psalmist sings, God will always do so. God is blessed through all eternity, we sing; God is worthy of praise. The psalm goes on: God sits high above all nations and above the heavens. Yet God also looks down and sees humanity … and reaches down to gently lift up the needy, the poor, and the disappointed, gently placing them in seats at the tables of royalty.

Second Reading: 1 Timothy 2:1-7

Pray for everyone, and don’t neglect to pray for the kings and leaders of the community, urges the author of the first letter to Timothy. He enumerates four kinds of prayer: supplications, or specific requests; petitionary prayers, asking for help; intercessions, or urgent requests; and thanksgiving, expressing gratitude. Remember that God is one, the author tells us, and that Jesus – who was both divine and also human like us – gave himself for our salvation.

Gospel: Luke 16:1-13

This parable makes us stop and think, as good parables should. On the surface, it may appear to hold up dishonest behavior as a good thing because it gets results. Or does it? Jesus rarely speaks well of the rich, and that’s particularly the case in Luke. Indeed, he hammers home his simple point: If you’re dishonest about wealth, you can’t be trusted with truly valuable things. “Whoever is faithful in a very little is faithful also in much, and whoever is dishonest in a very little is dishonest also in much,” Jesus says, concluding the passage with the familiar warning, “You cannot serve God and wealth.”

Season of Creation: Cosmos Sunday

Illuminations on the Season of Creation readings for Sept. 21, 2025 (Cosmos Sunday)

God creating the Sun, the Moon and the Stars in the Firmament

God creating the Sun, the Moon and the Stars in the Firmament (c.1650), oil painting on copper by Jan Brueghel the Younger (1601-1678). Anonymous collection, sold by Sotheby’s, London, in 2002. (Click image to enlarge.)

Cosmos Sunday
“Praise him you highest skies” –Psalm148:1

First Reading: Proverbs 8:22-31

The Wisdom Behind the World
In this text, Wisdom is portrayed as a woman speaking. She claims to have existed before God created the universe and was a partner with God in the design of each part of the universe.

Psalm: Psalm 104:24-26

A World Created by Wisdom
The whole world is formed by the wisdom of God thereby giving it all its parts, laws, design and purpose. That world even includes domains where God ‘plays’ with wild creatures in the ocean.

Second Reading: Colossians 1:15-20

Christ, the Cosmic Power
Christ is here introduced as the Cosmic One who is not only a force before all things existed but the one who is now the unifying impulse in all creation.

Gospel: John 6:41-51

Living Bread from Heaven
Jesus claims to be have been sent by the Father, the creator of the universe. As such, Jesus is that bread from another cosmic realm who offers life to those on Earth.

Season of Creation 2025

The Season of Creation, September 1 through October 4, is celebrated by Christians around the world as a time for renewing, repairing and restoring our relationship to God, one another, and all of creation. The Episcopal Church joins this international effort for prayer and action for climate justice and an end to environmental racism and ecological destruction. The 2025 theme is Peace with Creation. In celebrating the Season, we are invited to consider anew our ecological, economic, and political ways of living.

Feast of St. Matthew

Thoughts on the Lessons for Sept. 21, 2025 (Feast of St. Matthew)

Apostle Saint Matthew

Apostle Saint Matthew (1610-1614), oil painting on canvas by El Greco (1541-1614). El Greco Museum, Toledo, Spain. (Click image to enlarge.)

First Reading: Proverbs 3:1-6

As a church named in honor of St. Matthew, the apostle and evangelist, we celebrate the Feast of St. Matthew this Sunday. The readings chosen for this day reflect the tradition of Matthew as a tax collector who left that despised position to follow Jesus. In our first reading, the Book of Proverbs invites us to keep God’s commandments and use them to guide our lives. If we do so, Proverbs assures us, we will be amply rewarded with a good life and good reputation.

Psalm: Psalm 119:33-40

The Psalmist’s message, a brief snippet drawn from the longest of all the psalms, echoes the Proverbs reading: Learn God’s laws and commandments and follow them faithfully. God’s way turns us away from what is worthless, we sing: God’s way gives life. In words that might speak to Matthew’s call, the Psalmist prays, “Turn my eyes from watching what is worthless; give me life in your ways. … Turn away the reproach which I dread, your judgments are good.”

Second Reading: 2 Timothy 3:14-17

The second letter of Timothy, one of several short pastoral epistles written by later followers in Paul’s name, offers guidance to a growing church. It mirrors the Psalmist’s call for unity in tradition, guided by Scripture. As you read or hear it, though, bear in mind that when it was written in the late first century or early second, the New Testament was not yet assembled into a book, and the Gospels had only recently been written down. “Scripture” meant the Hebrew Bible, centered on Torah’s command to love God, love our neighbor, and care for the poor and the alien. The New Testament, still to come, would begin with the Gospel written in Matthew’s name.

Gospel: Matthew 9:9-19

Jesus had a reputation for hanging out with sinners, outcasts, and people the authorities considered deeply suspicious: Prostitutes, drunks, and lepers; women, foreigners, and maybe worst of all, tax collectors, those despised collaborators who extracted the Roman Empire’s taxes from their neighbors. People like Matthew. Despite his outcast status as a tax collector, though, when Jesus called, Matthew followed him without question … and invited Jesus and his friends home for dinner. “I desire mercy, not sacrifice,” Jesus told the Pharisees. “For I have come to call not the righteous but sinners.”

Pentecost 14C

Illuminations on the Lectionary readings for Sept. 14, 2025 (Pentecost 14C/Proper 19)

Parable of the Lost Piece of Silver

Parable of the Lost Piece of Silver (c.1680), oil painting on canvas by Godfried Schalcken (1643-1706). The Leiden Collection, New York. Click image to enlarge.)

First Reading (Track One): Jeremiah 4:11-12, 22-28

Scripture is full of apparent contradictions. One verse might portray God as dealing destruction with righteous, stormy anger. But open your Bible to another page and find an image of overwhelming, steadfast love. Happily, divine love ultimately prevails. This week’s passage from Jeremiah shows us an angry side of God in an image that might remind us of a loving parent brought to rope’s end by misbehaving children. “My people are foolish,” the prophet’s vision of God declares. “They are stupid children … they have no understanding.” The promised land shall be desolated, God warns. Yet even so, God will not fully destroy the people or their land.

First Reading (Track Two): Exodus 32:7-14

When Moses traveled up to the cloudy top of Mount Sinai, the people left below were afraid. In their fear, they created a golden calf and worshiped it as an idol. At the beginning of Sunday’s reading, God is righteously angry, wrathfully deciding to kill all these ungrateful people and start over again. This new nation, God declares, will no longer descend from Abraham but from the offspring of Moses. But Moses pushes back against this idea. When Moses reminds God of the covenant made at Sinai with Abraham’s family, followed by their long journey out of Egypt, God shows mercy and relents.

Psalm (Track One): Psalm 14

Psalm 14 resonates with Jeremiah’s vision of God’s impatient anger with a troublesome people. Jeremiah’s angry words about the people’s stupidity and foolishness are repeated in the Psalmist’s scorn for fools, corrupt people, and doers of abominable deeds. Yet at the end, the Psalm offers hope: God will ultimately restore the people’s fortunes amid gladness and rejoicing.

Psalm (Track Two): Psalm 51: 1-10

This portion of Psalm 10 imagines the guilt and shame felt by King David after he had sent his loyal soldier Uriah to certain death in battle in order to cover up David’s adulterous affair with Uriah’s wife, Bathsheba. This Psalm imagines David’s repentant cry when the prophet Nathan shocked the king into recognizing his great sin.

Second Reading: 1 Timothy 1:12-17

During the rest of September, we’ll read from the two short letters of Timothy. Although they are framed as letters of pastoral advice written by Paul to his associate Timothy, modern scholars have concluded they were actually written by a later Christian leader in Paul’s name. Composed in a time when the early church was becoming institutionalized and cautious, they tend to be more strict and dogmatic than Paul’s early letters. We don’t hear that in this passage, though. The writer gives thanks that God forgave Paul’s blasphemy, persecution, and violence, and showered him with Christ’s faith and love.

Gospel: Luke 15:1-10

The Pharisees and the scribes grumbled and complained that Jesus “welcomes sinners and eats with them.” This complaint prompts Jesus to respond with two brief parables that liken God’s care for “sinners” to people who lose important things: a sheep from a flock and a silver coin. When the lost objects are found after an intense search, the people exult with abundant joy and thanksgiving. “Just so, I tell you,” Jesus concludes, “there will be more joy in heaven over one sinner who repents than over ninety-nine righteous people who need no repentance.”

Season of Creation: Storm Sunday

Illuminations on the Season of Creation readings for Sept. 14, 2025 (Storm Sunday)

Christ in the Storm on the Sea of Galilee

Christ in the Storm on the Sea of Galilee (1695), oil painting by Ludolf Bakhuizen (1630-1708). Indianapolis Museum of Art. (Click image to enlarge.)

Storm Sunday
“You make the clouds your chariots, you ride on the wings of the wind and you make the winds your messengers” –Psalm 104:3-4

First Reading: Job 28:20-27

God Discovers Wisdom
Where can wisdom be found? According to the poet in Job, God discovered wisdom embedded in nature, even in the elements of the weather, when God was creating the cosmos.

Psalm: Psalm 29

God in the Storm
Thunder, in this Psalm, is described as the voice of God, a powerful force that strikes Earth with great force, while the beings in the heavenly temple respond with the cry of “Glory”!

Second Reading: 1 Corinthians 1:21-31

Christ, the Wisdom of God
According to Paul, the wise in the world cannot grasp the message of Christ crucified. Ultimately the crucified one is also the source of life and the Wisdom of God.

Gospel: Luke 8:22-25

Jesus knows the Way of the Storm
The stilling of the storm not only demonstrates Jesus’s capacity to perform miracles, it also demonstrates that he is in tune with nature and knows “the way” of the storm, its inner nature.

Season of Creation 2025

The Season of Creation, September 1 through October 4, is celebrated by Christians around the world as a time for renewing, repairing and restoring our relationship to God, one another, and all of creation. The Episcopal Church joins this international effort for prayer and action for climate justice and an end to environmental racism and ecological destruction. The 2025 theme is Peace with Creation. In celebrating the Season, we are invited to consider anew our ecological, economic, and political ways of living.

Pentecost 13C

Illuminations on the Lectionary readings for Sept. 7, 2025 (Pentecost 13C/Proper 18)

Christ Before the People

Christ Before the People (1837-1857), oil painting on canvas by Alexander Ivanov (1806-1858). Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow. (Click image to enlarge.)

First Reading (Track One): Jeremiah 18:1-11

Sunday’s readings prompt us to reflect on our assumptions about God’s role in the universe and Jesus’s image as the gentle Good Shepherd. In the Track One first reading, God sends Jeremiah to watch an artisan – a creator who fashions pots from clay – who does not hesitate to smash and re-make an unsatisfactory creation over and over again. If the people of Judah do not turn from their evil ways, Jeremiah hears, then God, like a cosmic potter, will create disaster for them. However, that God – the cosmic potter – tries creation over and over again. Even when humanity goes wrong, the possibility of repentance and restoration remains.

First Reading (Track Two): Deuteronomy 30:15-20

After wandering 40 years in the desert, the Israelites reach the River Jordan at last and are preparing to cross into the Promised Land. Before they make this long-awaited crossing, they pause while Moses reminds them of the covenant they made at Mount Sinai: Love God and walk in God’s ways, follow God’s laws, and you will thrive and prosper. But turn away from God, and you will lose the land and God’s blessings. This simple call to follow God’s way lies at the center of Scripture, and it shapes Jesus’ message to us as well.

Psalm (Track One): Psalm 139:1-5, 12-17

God knows us as intimately as Jeremiah’s potter knows his clay. Whatever we do, wherever we go, God knows our every thought, the Psalmist sings. God knows every word that we speak and every idea that we imagine. Even before we were born, God knew us. The Psalmist, however, does not explicitly thank God for knowing our every moment, nor do these verses ask how this knowledge affects our daily lives. No, the simple fact that God knows us so deeply is enough.

Psalm (Track Two): Psalm 1

Psalm 1, the first of the 150 ancient hymns that make up the Psalms, echoes Moses’ theme at the banks of Jordan: The world is made up of two kinds of people, those who follow God’s laws and those who do not. Follow God’s laws and be happy and prosper; follow the way of the wicked and perish. Scripture is far more nuanced than this black-and-white understanding, of course. Still, “follow God’s ways and win, follow evil ways and lose,” concisely sums up the Covenant that Moses made with God for the people at Mount Sinai.

Second Reading: Philemon 1-21

Paul, having befriended young Onesimus, a slave, in prison, writes a letter about the youth to the slave’s master, Philemon. We might wish that Paul had taken a strong stand against slavery, offering clear guidance on this evil practice that would ring through the ages. But read it closely, and we see that Paul is gently guiding Philemon to a deeper truth: Christians should love each other as brothers and sisters. There is no space for slavery in that!

Gospel: Luke 14:25-33

Tension is rising as Jesus continues his journey toward Jerusalem and the cross. The crowds that have been following him since he set his face toward Jerusalem are growing larger and more excited. Meanwhile, the Romans and the Temple authorities are growing nervous about this unruly crowd descending on the capital at Passover. Jesus needs the crowd to know that it will not be easy to follow him on this journey, just as he had warned them earlier that he came not to bring peace but division. Does he really mean that we have to hate our families and give up everything we have to follow him? Is Jesus just exaggerating to make his point? This much is sure: Jesus is warning his followers not to start a task that they can’t finish. They must follow him not halfheartedly but with whole hearts.

Season of Creation:
Flora and Fauna Sunday

Illuminations on the Season of Creation readings for Sept. 7, 2025 (Flora and Fauna Sunday)

The Peaceable Kingdom

The Peaceable Kingdom (c.1833), oil painting on canvas by Edward Hicks (1780-1849). National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C. (Click image to enlarge.)

Flora and Fauna Sunday
“Wild animals and all cattle, creeping things and flying birds! Praise the Lord!”
–Psalm 148:10

First Reading: Job 39:1-8, 26-30

The Kingdom of the Wild
God shows Job the kingdom of the wild, over which Job as a human has no control, but where God’s Wisdom and nurture are ever present. Each part of nature has its ‘way,’ a reflection of Wisdom.

Psalm: Psalm 104:14-23

Survival and Celebration in the Wild
God not only nurtures and sustains all creatures of the wild, but also joins with them and us in celebration.

Second Reading: 1 Corinthians 1:10-23

The Wisdom of the Gospel
The Wisdom of God may be evident in creation. The wise of the world may search for wisdom. The message of the Gospel, however, which may seem folly to the wise of the world, is the ultimate wisdom.

Gospel: Luke 12:22-31

The Kingdom of God
The kingdom of God and the kingdom of the wild complement each other, says Jesus. God provides for all and wills for all species to survive and thrive.

Season of Creation 2025

The Season of Creation, September 1 through October 4, is celebrated by Christians around the world as a time for renewing, repairing and restoring our relationship to God, one another, and all of creation. The Episcopal Church joins this international effort for prayer and action for climate justice and an end to environmental racism and ecological destruction. The 2025 theme is Peace with Creation. In celebrating the Season, we are invited to consider anew our ecological, economic, and political ways of living.

Pentecost 12C

Illuminations on the Lectionary readings for Aug. 31, 2025 (Pentecost 12C/Proper 17)

Parable of the Great Banquet

Parable of the Great Banquet (c.1525-1545), oil painting on panel by the Brunswick Monogrammist, an anonymous 16th-century Dutch painter. National Museum in Warsaw, Poland. (Click image to enlarge.)

First Reading (Track One): Jeremiah 2:4-13

When we place our own interest first, we lose sight of God’s way. Listen for this theme through Sunday’s readings. In our Track One first reading, we see Jeremiah, reassured that his youth is no bar to being a prophet, stepping into the role. Speaking God’s words aloud to humanity, he cries out in an anguished reverie, lamenting how the chosen people could have gone astray. Did they find some wrong in God that led them to waste their lives on worthless things? More in sorrow than in anger, it seems, God reflects that the people have forsaken the living water that they were given, building cracked cisterns instead that won’t hold what the people need to slake their spiritual thirst.

First Reading (Track Two): Sirach 10:12-18

Sirach, or The Wisdom of Jesus ben Sirach to give its full name, is one of the group of books known as Apocrypha that come at the end of the Hebrew Bible. It sums up Torah, God’s teaching, in the genre of wisdom literature: brisk, memorable suggestions of spiritual advice. Sunday’s Track Two first reading from Sirach follows the theme of the day’s readings: Pride leads to sin, and sin leads to no good end. In language that may remind us of the Song of Mary, the Magnificat, it warns that proud rulers will be overthrown, to be replaced by the lowly.

Alternate First Reading (Track Two): Proverbs 25:6-7

When Jesus offered his simple wisdom to banquet-goers that we hear in Sunday’s Gospel, perhaps he remembered this simple, ancient wisdom in Sunday’s alternate first reading from Proverbs: “It is better to be told, ‘Come up here,’ than to be put lower in the presence of a noble.” Both Luke and Matthew sum up this idea in almost identical words, “… all who exalt themselves will be humbled, and those who humble themselves will be exalted.”

Psalm (Track One): Psalm 81:1,10-16

The theme of this hymn seems to flow naturally from today’s Jeremiah reading. The Psalmist shouts in joy for God’s strength, and like Jeremiah, imagines God speaking of having brought the people out of slavery in Egypt. God saw to it that they were fed and protected, only to see their stubborn hearts turn to their own ways and ignore God’s commands. Imagining God’s voice, the Psalmist laments, “O that my people would listen to me, that Israel would walk in my ways!”

Psalm (Track Two): Psalm 112

Understood in the context of today’s lessons, the point in this Psalm is clear, and it clearly restates God’s covenant with the people: Follow God’s commandments and be blessed, and remember that the sum of that commandment is to be righteous and just, serve your neighbor, share your wealth, and provide for the poor. Secure in God, there is no need to live in fear.

Second Reading: Hebrews 13:1-8, 15-16

Our four-week visit with the letter to the Hebrews concludes Sunday in beautiful poetic words urging us to love one another as God loves us. We must remember to do good, to share with one another, and to show hospitality, remembering that the patriarch Abraham once hospitably yet unknowingly received visiting angels. These verses offer simple advice on living as God would have us live. Keep our lives free from the love of money, and be content with what we have, for God will never leave us or forsake us.

Gospel: Luke 14:1, 7-14

Like so many of Jesus’s parables, this one seems to have an obvious, simple message … and then a sudden turn makes us stop and think. Don’t assume that the seat of honor is saved for you, Jesus tells the Pharisees at a banquet table, or you’ll be embarrassed when the host directs you to move down. It’s more prudent to take a humble place, then bask in a happy glow as the host escorts you to a better place. But then we find, as we so often do with Jesus’ teachings, that there’s a deeper meaning: Next time, don’t host a banquet for wealthy, influential people at all. Rather, host one for hungry, thirsty, ill, and oppressed people. They can’t repay you as rich friends might, but your reward will be plentiful when God’s kingdom comes.

Season of Creation: Ocean Sunday

Illuminations on the Season of Creation readings for Aug. 31, 2025 (Ocean Sunday)

La Pêche miraculeuse (The Miraculous Draught of Fish)

La Pêche miraculeuse (The Miraculous Draught of Fish, c.1618-20), oil painting on wood by Jacob Jordaens (1593-1678). Musée des Beaux-Arts de Strasbourg, Alsace, France. (Click image to enlarge.)

Ocean Sunday
We worship with the surging seas
“Let the sea roar and all that fills it!” –Psalm 96:11

First Reading: Job 38:1-18

The Mysteries of Creation
In this portrait of God creating the universe, Earth is constructed like a grand edifice, the ocean is born like a baby and restrained with boundaries, while down below lie domains called the deep and the realm of the dead. Earth with its oceans is a complex of profound mysteries designed by the Creator.

Psalm: Psalm 104:24-26

A World Created by Wisdom
The whole world is formed by the Wisdom of God, thereby giving it all its integral parts, laws, design, and purpose. That world even includes domains where God ‘plays’ with wild creatures in the ocean.

Second Reading: Ephesians 1.3-10

The Cosmic Christ
In Jesus the Christ, we not only face the eternal mystery of forgiveness and salvation, but also the truth that, as the cosmic one, Christ gathers all things together and unites the cosmos. The cosmic Christ fills the universe!

Gospel: Luke 5.1-11

Facing the Deep
When Peter and his friends catch no fish, Jesus asks them to take a risk and cast into ‘the deep’, the realm of the unknown. An even greater risk faces the disciples when they one day catch humans with a new message.

Season of Creation

Season of Creation 2025

The Season of Creation, September 1 through October 4, is celebrated by Christians around the world as a time for renewing, repairing and restoring our relationship to God, one another, and all of creation. The Episcopal Church joins this international effort for prayer and action for climate justice and an end to environmental racism and ecological destruction. The 2025 theme is Peace with Creation. In celebrating the Season, we are invited to consider anew our ecological, economic, and political ways of living.

Season of Creation 2025

Season of Creation

The Season of Creation, September 1 through October 4, is celebrated by Christians around the world as a time for renewing, repairing and restoring our relationship to God, one another, and all of creation. The Episcopal Church joins this international effort for prayer and action for climate justice and an end to environmental racism and ecological destruction. The 2025 theme is Peace with Creation. In celebrating the Season, we are invited to consider anew our ecological, economic, and political ways of living.
Season of Creation Celebration Guide, The Episcopal Church

The Season of Creation challenges us to reorient our relationship with creation. While the challenge may have been provoked by the current ecological crisis and a growing awareness of our place in the web of creation, the origins of our re-orientation lie deep in our Christian tradition, especially our biblical heritage. We are challenged to return to our biblical roots to rediscover our intimate connections with creation. We return to see ourselves again as part of the very Earth from which we are made.
Season of Creation, Uniting Church in Australia

We will publish a series of Season of Creation Illuminations alongside our standard Revised Common Lectionary Illuminations during this season.